Current Trends in Child Care Center
Development of civilian child care sector is virtually driven by two causes: mothers’ employment alongside with children’s development. Affordable child care stimulates maternal employment and contributes to gender equality. At the same time, high quality child care is impossible with cost minimization, as the two goals – affordability and quality care are conflicting. A number of governmental policies and subsidiary programs have been introduced to guarantee quality care by setting the standards and offering financial support, but the increasing numbers of women willing to make a carrier that drive the demand for services still significantly outperforms the quantity of professional non maternal services offered on the market.
In earlier ages women were both primary child care givers and economically productive members of society. In the 20th century, child care became more then simply a natural species response, but a dedicated work that required quality knowledge. While mothers were given an important emotional role in the family, the number of women employed with young children continued to increase being pushed by equal opportunity movement. In 1995 there have been 63% of employed women with children under six years old, the rate went up by 5% since 1994. The ideal of a fully dedicated mother still remains strong in society, but working mothers that belong to the baby-boom generation are trying to move beyond the guilt of employment. The three major goals of child care create the economic and ethical dilemma for society. The first presupposition is that child care stimulates mother’s employment which is beneficial for the family and society overall. Second presupposition is that high quality children development programs can enhance education and foster child’s mental and physical development whether mother are working or not. In both cases families themselves are expected to pay for the services, are they are the primary beneficiaries. Thirdly, child care can be used with ethnic minorities as a way to stimulate the socialization process to the cultural mainstream of disadvantages and poor children. In this case, taxpayers are the ones to cover costs of child care for the poor. As such, the three major purposes of child care establish different priorities and, consequently, have different assumptions on who has to cover the costs. The ongoing debate is centered on the three dimensions of the issue – low cost, but large in quantity child care, high quality, but expensive child care centers, and governmental compensation to the poor as a way to control crime and have children off the streets.
When it comes to speaking about employment opportunities and child care costs, the situation becomes even more complex. With the growing tendency of single women to strive for self actualization and carrier development, inadequate and too expensive child care can alter mother’s carrier in a number of ways. As mothers may be forced to come late at work because of child care problems, they may be compromising on low paid but absenteeism tolerant employment options to get an opportunity to deliver care to own children. Aside from this, mothers often might simply be unable to afford quality child care that ensures safety of their children to choose to be employed. Consequently, too expensive child care services for children of single mothers are a recent issue brought up by the pressure of emancipation that requires prompt attention.
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